For decades, monetary policy was communicated and implemented primarily through interest rates. Central banks adjusted policy rates to influence borrowing, spending, and inflation, while the mechanics of payments and settlement…
Liquidity has traditionally been measured by how much cash or near cash assets an institution holds. Balance sheets, reserve ratios, and funding access were the primary indicators of financial strength.…
Stablecoins were initially viewed as narrow tools designed to facilitate trading within digital asset markets. For a long time, they sat on the periphery of mainstream finance, largely ignored by…
Institutional adoption of new financial infrastructure often appears hesitant when viewed from the outside. Compared with the rapid pace of retail innovation, institutions seem cautious, incremental, and at times disengaged.…
Risk in financial markets has always been shaped by timing. The gap between trade execution and settlement determines how long counterparties are exposed to one another. Traditionally, this gap has…
Liquidity is often discussed as a simple concept. For retail participants, it usually means how quickly an asset can be bought or sold without affecting price. If markets appear active…
Digital assets are often discussed in terms of innovation and market opportunity, but institutions approach them from a different perspective. For regulated entities, the central question is not whether digital…
Cross-border digital settlement is often discussed using complex technical language that obscures its practical purpose. For many readers, the mechanics behind moving value across borders can feel abstract, even though…
Stable finance is often reduced to individual products, usually framed around specific coins or issuers. This narrow focus creates the impression that stable finance succeeds or fails based on the…
Tokenized assets are often introduced through technical papers filled with complex terminology and abstract models. While these documents serve a purpose, they can obscure the practical meaning of tokenization for…